Smoother (Example):

A simple example of a smoother is the moving average procedure. It is based on averaging elements closest in time to the current time. Mathematically this can be expressed by the following simple formula:

where

• is the input of the smoother, the original time series;

• is the output of the smoother, the smoothed time series;

• is the size of the smoothing window.

The parameter ( or the size of the window ) determines the degree of smoothing : the greater , the smoother the output time series .

The ability of this simple smoother to reduce higher frequencies is quite poor. Therefore in time series analysis and other applications other classes of smoothers are normally used.

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